The Comparative Qualitative and Quantative Analysis on Green and Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extracted by Three Solvents Studied in Sudan

Posted on October 12, 2011 by piscator

The Comparative Qualitative and Quantative Analysis on Green and Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extracted by Three Solvents Studied in Sudan

By

Murwan K. Sabah EL-Kheir 1

1. Department of Biochemistry, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and

Technology, El Neelain University, P.O.Box 12702, Khartoum, Sudan

Email address; murwansabahelkhier@yahoo.com

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the phytochemicals screen of Green and Black Tea extracted by water, ethanol and petroleum ether. The results revealed that the presence of alkaloid, tannin, steroid, flavonoid and carbohydrate in Green and Black Tea extracted water ethanol and petroleum ether. In addition, Green and Black Tea extracted by water contained saponins, but Green and Black Tea extracted by ethanol and petroleum ether do not contained saponins.Green and Black Tea extracted by ethanol and petroleum ether contained cardenolide, but Green and Black Tea extracted by water do not contained cardenolide and finally Green and Black Tea extracted by water ethanol and petroleum ether do not contain anthraquiaone and coumarin. The alkaloid content of Green Tea extracted by water, ethanol and petroleum ether is 5.4, 4.3 and 4.6 Mg/g, respectively. While alkaloid content of Black Tea extracted by water, ethanol and petroleum ether is 5.4, 4.3, and 4.Mg/g, respectively. The tannin contents of Green Tea extracted by water, ethanol and petroleum ether are 1.2, 1.8 and 1.5 %, respectively. While tannin contents of Black Tea extracted by water, ethanol and petroleum ether are 1.2, 0.5, 1 %, respectively.

Keywords: Tea, Alkaloid, Tannin and Qualitative.

1.0 Introduction

Green and Black Tea is made up from Camellia sinensis, which is characterized as a perennial evergreen shrub. Tea varieties reflected the growing region (Ceylon and Assam), districted (Darjeeling), form (pekoe and gunpowder) and processing method (green, black and oolong). India and Srilanka is major producers of green tea. The Turkish trader’s reportedly introduced to Western culture in 6th Century (1) .It has many uses for its mild stimulant and medicinal properties (prevent cancer (2), prostate cancer (3), asthma (4), dental cavity, diabetes (5), heart attack (6), high cholesterol (7), improve fertility (3), memory enhancement, mental performance and menopausal symptoms). The green tea is prepared by exposing the gathered leaves to air until superfluous moisture is eliminated, leaves roasted over a brick wood fire and continually stirred until leaves become moist and flaccid, after which leaves pass to rolling table and rolled into balls and subjected to pressure which twist them and gets rid of the moisture, then leaves shaking out on flat trays, again leaves roasted over a slow and steady charcoal fire and kept leaves in rapid motion for an hour  to hour and half., till leaves assume a dullish green colour after that the leaves winnowed, screened, and graded into different types. While black tea, gathered leaves are exposed to air for long period, gathered up, tossed until soft and flaccid, further exposure, roasted in an iron pan for about five minutes and after rolling and pressing the leaves are shaken out, exposed to the outer air for some hours, re-roasted for three or four minutes and recoiled, spread out in baskets and exposed to heat of charcoal fire for five or six minutes and then rolled for third time and again heat and finally dried in baskets over charcoal fire from which leaves become black in colour. Steroid compounds are containing the perhydrocyclopentano-phenanthrene skeleton and usually occur in glycosidal combination with sugar (8). Alkaloids are group of natural products (atropine, quinine, morphine …etc) which are widely used to treat Malaria and Cancer diseases (8). Cardenolides are act on the heart direct or indirect mechanism to enhance the force and velocity of the contraction, therefore it is known as cardiotonic (8). Carbohydrates are the most abundant organic constituents of plant, serve as the major source of chemical energy (sugar and starch), as well as important constituents of supporting tissue (cellulose in wood, cotton and flax) (8). Anthraquinones are oxygenated derivative of pharmacological importance that is used as laxatives or cathartics, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal and also as natural dyes (8). The flavonoid, constitute one of most diverse and widespread group of natural products, found in fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stem, flowers, as well as tea, and are one of the most important constituents of the human diet(8). Coumarins are derivative of benz-? pyrone, or lactones of o-hydroxcinnamic acid such as coumarin, umbelliferonee, aesculetin, daphnetin, fraxetin and scopoletin, they are

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About Oolongs

Posted on October 11, 2011 by piscator

For whatever reason, I’ve always had an affinity for Oolong Tea. Perhaps it’s the name, tradition or maybe the aroma of them…who knows. Falling between green Tea and black Tea, Oolongs are beginning to find a following in the west as it has had in the east for a long time.

Oolong Teas are partially oxidized Teas and while of the same species of plant, Camellia Sinensis, the method of processing is what sets them apart. They are sometimes referred to as ‘blue’ or ‘blue-green’ Teas and traditionally have been grown in Taiwan and China, although they are produced in other countries now as well. The name Oolong is sometimes translated as black dragon, possibly in reference to the long, black leaves, although there are variations of the name such as ‘wulong’, so called for the name of the discoverer or ‘wuyi’ for the mountain it is thought to have originated from. Whichever variation you like, Oolong Teas should definitely be on your ‘to try’ list.

The first type of Oolong tea is the dark, open leafed variety, which is the traditional type. This Tea is produced by withering, or drying, the leaves in the sun for a time and then continued indoors in bamboo baskets. During this process, the leaves are shaken or ‘rattled’ every two hours to bruise the leaves and further the oxidation process. When the oxidation level has reached 70%, the leaves are heated in a panning machine to stop the oxidation process and then dried in ovens. Dark Oolongs steep to a pale, amber liquor and have a soft fruitiness to them, such as apricot or peach. Dark Oolongs can be infused several times bringing about subtle variations in the Tea.

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The other type of Oolong is the balled or rolled variety. This is an even less oxidized version and greener appearing Tea. Balled Oolongs are withered and rattled similar to the darker variety but only until the oxidation level reaches 30%. They are then heated in the panning machine for 5 to 10 minutes to halt the oxidation process and dried. After resting overnight, the difference in production is evident. Approximately 20 pounds of the Tea is placed in a large cloth bag and tightened, then placed in a rolling machine to compress and bruise the leaves. Once completed, the Tea is removed from the bag, separated and then placed in another bag and the process is repeated. This will happen at least 36 times and as many as 60 resulting in rough green pellets. After the rolling process is finished, the Tea is dried again. Balled Oolongs yield a pale amber-green liquor that is perhaps bolder than the darker variety with a fragrant aroma. These also can be re-steeped several times.

While Oolongs can be gently infused with other essences such as Ginseng or Jasmine, which add a very pleasant aroma to the leaves and infusion, many oolongs are left simply unadorned. This allows their true essence to be brought to the fore.

If you are looking for a Tea that falls ‘in between’, try an Oolong. These Teas will not disappoint.



Matthew A. Graham is the co-owner of WhiteAugust Tea Company.

Article from articlesbase.com

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Multi-Color Charm Bodycon Tank Dress – WEB EXCLUSIVE – black/boysenberry (P/S)

Posted on October 11, 2011 by piscator

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Reduce Your Risk to Get Heart Disease by Consuming Black Tea!

Posted on October 10, 2011 by piscator

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart. CHD is also called coronary artery disease. CHD is caused by any problem with the coronary arteries that keeps the heart from getting enough oxygen- and nutrient-rich blood.

CHD is preventable yet kills more than 70,000 people and 110,000 people have a heart attack in England every year. That is why, before you get this disease, it is better for you to prevent it.

A study says that consuming two cups of black tea in a day can reduce the risk for you to get coronary heart disease. However, you should make it a habit.

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It is known that coronary heart disease is a disease that is caused by the accumulation of cholesterol about 40%. By consuming black tea, cholesterol cannot accumulate in blood vessel because its oxidation process is baffled by the antioxidant of black tea.

Indeed, antioxidant of black tea can constrain the oxidation process of bad cholesterol. It is known that the oxidation process of bad cholesterol can close up the blood vessel, so the risk for you to get heart disease increases.

In the making process of this tea, catechin as its antioxidant changes to be theaflavin. In this case, theaflavin has the higher catching rate of free radical compared to epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Besides, theaflavin can increase natural antioxidants, like glutathione peroxides and catalase, that are produced by body.

In conclusion, theaflavin of black tea has antioxidant activity that is stronger than vitamin E and vitamin C.

Related to heart disease, stethoscopes for sale offer a lot of incredible selections of stethoscopes, including precordial stethoscope, to check the health of your heart. Check it out for yourself now!

Article from articlesbase.com

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Know All About Oolong Tea Benefits

Posted on October 10, 2011 by piscator

Oolong tea, also well known as Wulong tea, has been used for formulating a diversity of tea products that are being used in weight loss programs. Oolong tea benefits have been influential and dominant for years, for the reason that this specific tea contains the best fat burning properties. Oolong leaves must be collected with care as they are obviously necessary for the preparation of this beverage. The makers of Oolong tea collect the first leaves of Oolong and let them dry in the sun and once the leaves are dry, they are compressed so that juices from the leaves are rich in oxygen.

Oolong tea is developed from a specific plant called Camellia sinensis, from where the leaves used for preparing green tea come. Oolong is also offered as loose leaves or tea bags and in the recent times, Oolong tea benefits has also been included in food supplements. Oolong tea is processed more than green tea but not as much black tea. Thus, its taste is someplace in between, as it is not as sweet as black tea but is slightly less herbaceous and floral than green tea. By tradition, Oolong is cooked with a strong flavor having a bitter sweet aftertaste. Oolong tea benefits consist of antiseptic, uncontaminated and antiviral properties. The tea helps in increasing both the metabolism and the immune system of the body. Oolong tea provides support in treating allergic reactions, diabetes and heaviness in the chest and will possibly be of assistance in putting a stop to cancer as per the views of some researchers.

Oolong tea contains catechins and reliable multifaceted antioxidant amalgams, which support in fighting infection and aging. Oolong tea aids in promoting weight loss and is more useful in fat burning. Oolong tea is mainly used for fat loss. If possible, drinking Oolong tea twice a day will result in noticeable weight loss. Drinking of Oolong tea also assists in weight loss by speeding up the metabolism. Oolong tea benefits are also due to the extremely valuable and efficient antioxidising properties, which are effectual in minimizing the signs of growing old. Oolong tea also ensures the development of stronger teeth.

Oolong tea benefits that have to mentioned are that the tea helps to acquire clearer skin. Having Oolong tea regularly also helps in the development of superior memory and common sense. Oolong tea is available in variety of flavors and fragrances. As mentioned earlier, it is very close in taste to green tea and also black tea. Consumption of two cups of Oolong tea daily not only helps to get rid of the excess stubborn inflexible pounds by improving your metabolic rate but also obstructs the calorific side effects of carbohydrates.

High blood pressure is an extremely awful, universal health problem, where people of all age groups are affected. Oolong tea cuts down the blood pressure and can be of assistance in maintaining it to around the standard limit. As you will agree Oolong tea benefits are many.

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Taylors of Harrogate, Yorkshire Gold Tea, Loose Leaf, 8.8-Ounce Packages (Pack of 3) Reviews

Posted on October 9, 2011 by piscator

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The Original Ceylon Tea Company Adds New Favors for Gift Season

Posted on October 9, 2011 by piscator

The Original Ceylon Tea Company Adds New Favors for Gift Season










Dallas, Texas (PRWEB) December 8, 2007

The Original Ceylon Tea Company announces expanded Green Line flavors are available for holiday shipments.

In addition to Classic Green, the newest Green Line offerings include Green with Chamomile and Green with Jazzy Mint. These new teas join green tea flavored with Jasmine, Raspberry and Lemon.

The company also offers traditional black teas including classics like Earl Gray and English Breakfast, along with Mango, Passion Fruit or Raspberry flavors. Exotic 1001 Nights blends our black and green teas, then flavors them with floral and citrus for those seeking a truly extraordinary experience.

“We’re excited to offer these new teas for the holidays,” says The Original Ceylon Tea Company president Kit Riley. “They’re a great compliment to our product lineup.”

The Original Ceylon Tea Company imports and distributes only 100% pure, high mountain-grown tea from Sri Lanka. The company, whose corporate offices are based in Dallas, TX, now channels its sales activities primarily through specialty food distributors and grocery stores, but retains its direct sales outlet on the Internet at http://www.ceylon-tea.com. For more information, contact the company through its Web site or by calling toll-free 877-333-9901.

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Davidson’s Tea Bulk, Earl Grey, 16-Ounce Bag Reviews

Posted on October 8, 2011 by piscator
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Oolong Tea Weight Loss

Posted on October 8, 2011 by piscator

Oolong tea is a popular Chinese tea that has become more popular around the world, and there are many marketers capitalizing on the Oolong tea weight loss popularity in the west. Besides Oolong tea, you will also see all types of “tea” weight loss products such as “Wu Yi Tea” and “Green Tea” weight loss products. Oolong tea has been consumed for thousands of years in China, but it is not until recently that it has gained recognition as a weight loss ingredient. In fact, many fat burners and diet pills you see on the market today will include some green tea or oolong tea extract.

Just as an FYI, there is no such thing as a “Wuyi Tea” that you see marketed – these claim that the so called Wuyi tea help with weight loss and so on. In fact, being a heavy tea drinker, I’ve never even heard of a Wuyi tea variety in China, and neither has anyone I know who are also heavy tea drinkers. In Fujian province of China, there is a Wuyi mountain, which is a region famous in China for producing all types of teas. So while there isn’t a variety of tea called Wuyi, there are Wuyi tea varieties that are grown and produced at Wuyi mountain.

That aside, because there are studies that have found various types of tea (such as Oolong and Green) to have weight loss benefits, they are being heavily promoted to be effective weight loss supplements; however, they are much too overhyped and overpriced. If you really wanted, simply purchase loose oolong or green tea and drink two or three cups a day.

It appears that Oolong tea is somewhat more effective at increasing energy expenditure and thus better at aiding weight loss. A Japanese study done on Oolong tea found that energy expenditure increased by 10% after consuming Oolong tea, whereas drinking green tea increased energy expenditure by just 4%. Although there are plenty of studies that confirm the weight loss effects of oolong tea and green tea, they are by no means the magical weight loss solution as what some advertise them to be.

Drinking some Oolong tea each day will help increase your energy expenditure, and provide you with many other health benefits; however, don’t expect to lose 10lb simply by drinking the tea. For consistent and effective weight loss, you need to be active, exercise regularly, and you must have a good diet in place that promotes healthy and slow weight loss. Please see the resource link below for ideas on losing weight and keeping it off.

Learn how you can use calorie shifting to reduce body fat, and chieve real, permanent fat loss.

Article from articlesbase.com

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Introduction to Black Tea by The Chief Leaf, Tim Smith of “TheTeaSmith.com”

Posted on October 7, 2011 by piscator

“It’s a Big World, Drink it up!” www.theteasmith.com

musiccitytea.com Jenny will be using two Yixing teapots, this time she will be making a very special Chinese Black Tea called Bai Lin Gong Fu. This tea comes from Tai Mu mountain region of Fuding, Fujian Province, China.
Video Rating: 5 / 5

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